Norman Architecture in Sicily
Medieval History

Norman Architecture in Sicily


A very dear friend of mine has moved to Sicily for a spell. The pictures she has been sharing are phenomenal. Since I can't join her, I thought it a good excuse to rummage through my knowledge of Norman art and architecture in Sicily...which I know a surprising amount about, because my medieval professor in graduate school has published on the topic, and taught us an entire seminar's worth of 12th century architecture...
Part of what I find most fascinating about 12th century Norman art and architecture in Sicily is the mixture of Norman Romanesque, native Italian materials, and Islamic influences...see where you can spot them in this smattering of art from that period:
Cloister, Monreale Cathedral: view from the southwest, showing sculpted capitals of north side, ca. 1175-118. Monreale, Sicily
Detail:
I tell my husband all the time that our dream home has to involve a cloister...he could model it after this one and I wouldn't complain :)!
Architectural plan of Monreale:
Look at that massive masonry and square bell towers....oh my Romanesque.
Some glorious mosaics from the interior:
And more mosaics. I love how the mosaics are playing the role in Romanesque that stained glass will play in the Gothic.

La Cubola, Norman, 12th century. Palermo, Sicily. Interior:
Palatine Chapel, Palermo. Mosaic program. cross-section looking north. Built under Roger II, the  king who created a first centralized government in Norman Sicily, 1166-1189.
Palatine Chapel main nave. Muqarnas!
Palatine Chapel cupola, center pantocrator surrounded by archangels. A very Eastern looking pantocrator, wouldn't you say?
Palatine Chapel Int.: from nave looking east, the apse and sanctuary.
This is just glorious:
Palatine Chapel Main nave Genesis: Creation of heavenly bodies, day and night
Palatine Chapel S. chapel Transfiguration. I spy a mandorla and a chi rho....
Coronation Mantle of Holy Roman Emperors, depicting addorsed lions subduing a camel with a tree of life between them. Muslim artisans in the Royal Workshop of Palermo, c. 1133-34. Silk and gold embroidery, pearls, gemstones, cloisonné enamel on samite.
Here is a rare image of the Norman cathedral in Messina (12th century), before it was entirely rebuilt in 1919 due to an earthquake. This photograph was taken ca. 1865-1890. Photographer: Giorgio Sommer.




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